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What is latent TB infection?
| Latent TB Infection | Active TB Disease |
|---|---|
| I am healthy. | I have a serious illness that could kill me if left untreated. |
| The TB germs are "sleeping" in my body but could wake up in the future. | The TB germs have "woken up". |
| I have no symptoms. | I may have symptoms like cough, fever, weight loss, night sweats. |
| My chest x-ray is normal. | My chest x-ray may be abnormal. |
| I am not contagious. | I may be contagious and could infect others when TB germs are spread through the air when I speak or cough. |
| I have a positive result on a TB skin or blood test. | I may have positive results on tests of my phlegm. |
Risk of developing active TB
Risk of developing active TB disease is highest in the first 2 years of infection
Risk of liver inflammation
Risk of developing inflammation of the liver increases with age
Risk calculator and individual estimates
years
years
Select conditions that apply to the patient
Select conditions that apply to the patient
Individual Risk Estimate
10
outof every
1000
people like you will avoid active TB disease
10
outof every
1000
people like you will develop active TB disease
10
outof every
1000
people like you will never develop active TB disease
Risk of liver inflammation from latent TB treatment
10
outof every
1000
people like you will develop inflammation of the liver that requires hospitalization.
10
outof every
1000
people like you will not develop inflammation of the liver
Treatment Pros and Cons
Isoniazid (9 mo)
Duration: 9 months
Once daily (total doses: 270)
Isoniazid (6 mo)
Duration: 6 months
Once daily (total doses: 180)
Rifampin
Duration: 4 months
Once daily (total doses: 120)
Isoniazid and rifapentine
Duration: 3 months
Once weekly (total doses: 12)
Isoniazid (9 mo)
Isoniazid (6 mo)
Rifampin
Isoniazid and rifapentine
Isoniazid (9 and 6 mo)
- Numbness and tingling in extremities
- Headache
- Nausea
- Dizziness
- Upset stomach
- Lethargy
Rifampin
- Itchiness
- Fever
- Headache
- Dizziness
Isoniazid and rifapentine
- Blood in the urine
- Joint pain
- Lower back or side pain
- Swelling of the feet or lower legs
Isoniazid (9 mo)
Isoniazid (6 mo)
Rifampin
Isoniazid and rifapentine
Isoniazid (9 mo)
Isoniazid (6 mo)
Rifampin
Isoniazid and rifapentine
Isoniazid (6 and 9 mo)
Most commonly use treatment regim (long term experience).
Rifampin
Interacts with a number of medicines, for example warfarin and oral contraception.
Isoniazid and rifapentine
Rifapentine is a relatively new and untested drug. It's possible that some adverse effects have not been described yet.
Print take home material
Print the following items to take with you and discuss with family.
- Print all sections
- What is latent TB infection?
- Individual risk estimates
- General information about risks
- Pros and cons of different treatments